George Annandale

George Annandale, D.Eng., P.E.





Education             D. Eng., University of Pretoria, 1984

                                   M.Sc., Engineering, University of Witwatersrand, 1979

                                   B.Sc., Civil Engineering, University of Pretoria, 1974

 

Registration      Professional Engineer, State of Colorado No. 32041

 

Affiliations           American Society of Civil Engineers

                                   International Association of Hydraulic Research

                                   American Water Works Association

                                   U.S. Society of Dams

                                   Member of ASCE Sedimentation Committee

                                   Editorial Board: Journal of Hydraulic Research, IAHR 1985 - 2002

                                   External Reviewer: Swiss National Science Foundation, Division of Physical Science and Engineering

                                   External Reviewer: National Science Foundation, United States of America

                                   External Reviewer: Italian Ministry for Universities and Research

                                   Member of the Dams and Planning Advisory Team, World Bank

                                   Listed in Marquis’ Who’s Who in America

                                   Listed in of 1000 World Leaders of Scientific Influence, 2002 Edition

                                   Marquis’ Who’s Who in Science and Engineering, 2003 Edition

 

Career               Dr. Annandale, President of Engineering and Hydrosystems Inc., has 28 years of experience as a water resource engineer.  He offers services in the field of fluvial hydraulics, design and engineering; reservoir and water supply management; and hydrology and hydraulics. He has published approximately 100 peer-reviewed papers and is author and contributing author to five books on sedimentation and scour. 

 

                                   He is known for the development of the Erodibility Index Method (also known as Annandale’s Method) that can be used to determine the erodibility of any earth material, including rock.  The method has been accepted by the engineering profession, is used nationally and internationally for design and safety assessment of infrastructure and is included in federal and state manuals and guidelines. 

 

                                   Having worked on numerous river projects around the world, including river restoration, bank stabilization, pipeline and bridge pier scour, and investigating aggradation and degradation of rivers, Dr. Annandale offers specialized knowledge, including sediment transport modeling experience, in this area of expertise. 

 

                                   Dr. Annandale is known for his expertise in reservoir sedimentation management, having authored one of the first books on this topic, having co-developed the Life Cycle Management Concept for the World Bank, and having worked on numerous reservoir sedimentation management projects in the United States of America and internationally.  The Life Cycle Management Concept is a management approach for ensuring sustainable use of surface water resources and water resource infrastructure. 

 

                                   He has experience in optimizing operating rules for large raw water supply systems and has worked on developing strategic directions for integrated water resource management approaches on national scales.

 

                                   Dr. Annandale consults nationally and internationally and has worked on projects in numerous countries including the United States of America, Canada, Australia, Turkey, Switzerland, Indonesia, the Philippines, Morocco, Kenya, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Israel, Colombia, Venezuela, Mexico and Zaire.

 

Experience         

2001 to present        Engineering and Hydrosystems Inc.                             Denver, Colorado

                          President

                                    

 

1995 to 2001          Golder Associates Inc.                                                  Denver, Colorado

                                   Director, Water Resources Engineering

                                  

 

1993 to 1995          HDR Engineering, Inc.                                         Sacramento, California

                                   Manager - Water Resources

                                  

 

1988 to 1993          Steffen Robertson and Kirsten (CE) Inc.              Denver, Colorado and

                                                                                                  Johannesburg, South Africa

                                   Partner and Manager - Surface Water Engineering                                                                

                                  

1986 to 1987          Bruinette Kruger Stoffberg Inc.                             Pretoria, South Africa

                                   Specialist Engineer

                                  

 

1982 to 1985          Rand Afrikaans University                           Johannesburg, South Africa

                                   Professor and Head of Department of Civil Engineering

                                  

 

1979 to 1981          University of Pretoria                                              Pretoria, South Africa

                                   Senior Lecturer

 

1977                    Industrial Development Corporation            Johannesburg, South Africa

                                   Civil Engineer

 

1975 to 1976          van Wyk & Louw Inc.                                             Pretoria, South Africa

                                   Engineer

 


PROJECT EXPERIENCE

 

PT Freeport Indonesia

Sediment Transport Modeling                                                                Papua, Indonesia

Sediment transport modeling to simulate deposition of tailings in the Modified Ajkwa Deposition Area.  Tailings are deposited into the Ajkwa River at a rate of 240,000 tpd, causing it to deposit over a 4km wide by 60km long reach along the river.  Sediment transport modeling with HEC-6 and MIKE11 software predicts depth of deposited tailings over the anticipated 38-year life of mine. Information is used to minimize environmental damage and construct levees to safeguard communities.  Ongoing project. 

 

TOTAL Oil Company

Pipeline Scour and Protection                                                        Kalimantan, Indonesia

Investigation to determine causes of pipeline scour and design protection for oil and gas pipelines owned by the TOTAL oil company in the Mahakam Delta, Kalimantan, Indonesia.  The Mahakam Delta is one of the largest river deltas in the world.  Extensive fieldwork and design resulted in cost-effective designs to protect exposed pipelines against damage.  Investigations were executed and remedial designs prepared for ten river crossings in the delta. 

 

Kingdom of Morocco

Reservoir Sedimentation Management                                        Morocco, North Africa

Execution of an investigation at national level to determine the technically feasibility of managing sediment in Moroccan reservoirs, and to identify the optimal economic solutions to the problem.  Morocco is a dry country that receives the bulk of its water supply from surface water reservoirs.  The high sediment load in the country’s rivers deposits in the reservoirs, resulting in storage loss and subsequent reduction in the reliability of water supply.  The project is aimed at prioritizing reservoirs and identifying economically optimal methods to manage sediment and ensure sustainable use of water resources and infrastructure.

 

River Restoration, Sejorong River                                                     Sumbawa, Indonesia

Restoration design for the Sejorong River to restore damage by meander cutoff and aggregate mining for P.T. Newmont’s Batu Hijau Mine.

 

River Restoration, Santong River                                                      Sumbawa, Indonesia

Restoration design for Santong River to restore damage by aggregate mining.

 

River Restoration, Sekongkang River                                               Sumbawa, Indonesia

Restoration design for Sekongkang River to restore damage by aggregate mining.

 

Maintenance Flow Analysis, Myers Creek                                                      Washington

Maintenance flow analysis and assessment of impact of implementation of water rights on channel morphology for Crown Jewel Mine, Battle Mountain Gold.  Litigation Support.

 

Geomorphologic Assessment, Salinas River                                                       California

Assessment of potential impact of proposed spraying and removal of vegetation on river banks of Salinas River.

 

Bank Protection, Sejorong River                                                                          Indonesia

Scour analysis and bank protection design for conveyor belt crossing over Sejorong River Crossing.

 

Morphologic Study and Scour Analysis, San Benito River                                California

Morphologic study and scour analysis using HEC-6 to assess aggregate mining impacts and predict future depth of scour at pipeline crossing for City of Holister.

 

Cogswell Dam and Reservoir

Reservoir Sedimentation Management                                                               California

Development of operating rules to flush sediment through reservoir.  Computer simulation using HEC‑6.

 

Prado Dam and Reservoir                                                                                   California

Pre-feasibility analysis to optimize sediment management techniques for sustainable management and use of Prado Dam and Reservoir.

 

RESCON Project                                                                                            World-wide

Development of the Life-Cycle Management Approach for sustainable management of surface water reservoirs and software to determine the technical feasibility of optional sediment management techniques and identification of the optimal economic management approach.  Project executed for the World Bank.

 

Katse Dam, Sedimentation, Lesotho Highlands Water Project                     South Africa

Reservoir sedimentation study to locate inlet tower.

 

Sedimentation of 47 Large Reservoirs                                                            South Africa

Analysis of sedimentation in 47 large reservoirs to predict storage capacity reductions.

 

Mount Pleasant Flood Control Dam, Sedimentation                                      South Africa

Sedimentation analysis of Mount Pleasant Flood Control Dam.  Stochastic simulation of sediment deposition.

 

Reservoir Sedimentation, Sediment Distribution                                            South Africa

Developed semi-empirical and analytical techniques to estimate distribution of deposited sediment in reservoirs. 

 

Nqoe Dam, Sedimentation, Lesotho Highlands Water Project                      South Africa

Prediction of sediment deposition in Nqoe Dam Hydroelectric facility.

 

Review of Sediment Transport Studies, Freeport Indonesia                              Indonesia

Review of sediment transport studies by three other consultants.

 

Risk Analysis of Bridge Failure, Guidelines                                                   South Africa

Development of guidelines to conduct risk analysis of bridge failure.

 

Sinamaica Lagoon                                                                                                Venezuela

Investigation of sedimentation of Sinamaica Lagoon, adjacent to Marakaibo.

 

Big 5 Project, Clear Creek                                                                                     Colorado

Bank protection to prevent tailings from washing into Clear Creek for Colorado Department of Health.  Hydrology, hydraulic and scour analysis.

 

Skiatook Ancillary Spillway, Scour Analysis                                                      Oklahoma

Dam safety assessment of Skiatook dam.  Scour analysis of ancillary spillway.

 

Energy Dissipater Design, Mountain Coal                                                           Colorado

Analysis and design of energy dissipater for culvert at Mountain Coal mine, Colorado.

 

Spillway Scour Assessment, Big River                                                                  Missouri

Assessment of scour of earthen spillway of Potasi Dam.  Dresser Industries.

 

Pipeline Scour Analysis, Mokolumne River                                                        California

Analysis of river scour at confluence between spillway flows form Comanche Dam and Mokolumne River to determine depth of pipeline crossing for Folsom South Canal, East Bay Municipal Utility District.

 

Scour Analysis, Desert Greenbelt, Scottsdale                                                        Arizona

Review of hydraulic and scour analysis of design of a desert greenbelt on an alluvial fan.

 

Floodplain Mapping, Ure River                                                                            Colombia

Hydrologic and hydraulic analysis to determine floodplain for Ure River, Cerro Matoso mine.

 

Erosion and Sedimentation Control, Geyser Project                                           California

Erosion analysis and sedimentation control for closure of Geysers Power Generation Project.

 

Surface Water Drainage, Myberg Basin                                                                 Arizona

Hydrologic and hydraulic analysis and drainage design for purposes of pollution control at Cyprus Miami Mine, Arizona.

 

Sediment Transport and Fate Analysis, Salem                                                            Ohio

Sediment transport and Fate Analysis using HEC-6 for pesticide releases.

 

Floodplain Mapping, Desert Willows Ranch                                                           Arizona

Floodplain mapping for Desert Willow Ranch, Tucson Arizona.

 

Scour Analysis, Folsom Bridge                                                                             California

Scour analysis for Folsom Bridge, American River.

 

Scour Analysis, Dunsmuir Reservoir                                                                   California

Scour analysis for Dunsmuir Reservoir under seismic conditions, for East Bay Municipal Utility District.

 

Flood Emergency Action Plan                                                         Sacramento, California

Development of a Flood Emergency Action Plan for the City of Sacramento California

 

Degradation Study and Pipeline Scour                                     City of Holister, California

Geomorphologic study and computer simulation (using HEC-6) of gravel mining impacts on the San Benito River.

 

Bartlett Dam                                                                                                             Arizona

Dam safety investigation pertaining to erosion of rock in plunge pool of Bartlett Dam, Salt River Project.

 

PT Freeport Indonesia

Modeling of Hyperconcentrated Sediment Flow                              Irian Jaya, Indonesia

Simulation of transport and deposition of hyperconcentrated tailings in mountainous terrain using a modified version of HEC-6T. 

 

Cerro Matoso Nickel Mine                                                                                 Colombia

Erosion and Sediment Control on Waste Dumps

Erosion and sediment control on the waste dumps of Cerro Matoso’s waste dumps. Mine is located in a tropical area with high intensity rain storms and significant erosion problems.  Developed drainage systems to accompany guidelines pertaining to bank stability, and sediment control facilities to manage erosion and sedimentation and ensure adequate water quality for release to the environment. 

 

BHP Pinto Valley Mine                                                                                           Arizona

Erosion and Sediment Control on Waste Dumps

Preparation of designs to control erosion and sedimentation on the tailings impoundments and waste dumps for Pinto Valley Mine.  Investigation included assessment of hydrology, erodibility of tailings and waste material, and drainage design to complement geotechnical recommendations pertaining to dump and tailings impoundment stability.

 

Bridge Hydraulics                                                                                                     Nevada

Replacement of 61 bridges and culverts for Union Pacific’s Elko Subdivision.  Desert hydrology. 

 

Truckee River, Bridge Pier Scour                                                                           Nevada

Bridge pier and abutment scour analysis.

 

Buffalo Bayou                                                                                                              Texas

Assessment of measures to control erosion and scour in Buffalo Bayou.

 

Scour of Rock Around Bridge Piers                                                                      Colorado

Development of a method to predict scour of rock around bridge piers.  Funded by the FHWA.

 

Tuolumne River, Bridge Pier Scour                                                                     California

Bridge pier scour prediction using HEC-18 and risk analysis techniques.

 

San Joaquin River, River and Levee Stability                                                    California

Risk and scour analysis to assess river and levee stability for CalMat aggregate mining.

 

American River, Folsom Bridge Scour Analysis                                                 California

Two dimensional finite element modeling and application of the Erodibility Index Method to estimate bridge pier scour in rock.

 

Development of Erodibility Index Method                                                    United States

Development of a method to predict scour of any earth material, including rock, vegetated soils, cohesive soils and non-cohesive granular material.

 

Dam Foundation Erosion                                                                                United States

Application of the Erodibility Index Method to predict scour of dam foundations.  Project included research involvement with the Bureau of Reclamation and Colorado State University, and development of software to simulate scour of rock and other earth materials.

 

Reservoir Sedimentation Modeling                                                                      Colorado

Development of a reservoir sedimentation modules for GSTARS.

 

Cabinet Gorge, Spillway Stability                                                                                Idaho

Assessment of erodibility of rock for Cabinet Gorge Dam, Washington Water Power. 

 

Solomon Gulch, Spillway Stability                                                                             Alaska

Assessment of spillway stability and erosion of rock.

 

Northumberland Strait Bridge, Scour                                 Prince Edward Island, Canada

Consulted to Northumberland Strait Bridge design team to estimate scour of rock around bridge piers using the Erodibility Index Method.

 

Limpopo River, Bank Protection                                                              Botswana, Africa

Bank protection at the confluence of the Motloutse and Limpopo Rivers on the border between South Africa and Botswana.

 

Nchanga River Diversion, River Diversion                                                Zambia, Africa

Assessment of failure for the Nchanga River Diversion at the ZCCM mine.

 

Freeport Indonesia, Tropical Engineering Hydrology                                         Indonesia

Development of engineering hydrology in a tropical environment with limited data.  Simulation with HEC-RAS to delineate floodplains.   Simulation of long term flow records in a tropical environment with limited data to simulate long term sediment transport and deposition in a river system.